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文都秀才
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英语学习的“三座大山”:词汇、语法、哑巴英语。
家长脑中还紧蹦着一根弦;应试。
那么,怎么学才能最有效地搬掉“三座大山”,放松紧蹦的弦呢?
我经常对学生说“孩子,请不要背单词”、“孩子,请不要学语法”,并不是说,我本人不重视词汇和语法,而是不认同目前流行的学习方法:死记单词拼写和中文意思,硬背语法规则。
那么,词汇、语法应该怎么去掌握呢?正确的方法是:在听、说、阅读实践中不知不觉、自然而然地掌握。这里我只举一个例子,我想就足以说明我的观点。
比如,让孩子学下面的对话(而不是和生活毫不相干的成人教材):
—What’s the meaning of this word? 这个词是什么意思呢?
—You can look it up in the dictionary. 你可以查一下字典。
通过这组对话,可以学到:
3个新词:meaning, word, dictionary
1个短语:look up查找(是中考频繁考到的词组)
1项语法:look it up(在look up等动词短语中,如果宾语是代词,要放在动词和副词之间,不能放在后面,只能是look it up,不能是look up it)。
10道中考真题:(根据不完全统计)
考对dictionary意思的理解
I’m not sure about the meaning of the word. You’d better look it up in a (n) ___B___.
A. letter B. dictionary C. article (2011 湖南邵阳)
I’ve not sure about the meaning of the word. You’d better look it up in a ____B . .
A. letter B. dictionary C. post card D. notice
(2010•沈阳•中考)
考look up的意思和look it up这项语法
I don’t know Sam’s telephone number. Will you please ____B in your address book for me?
A. look up it B. look it up C. look for it D. look at it
(2011•上海•中考)
When you don’t know a word, you can _____A____ in the dictionary.
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up (2011•浙江宁波•中考)
—Why couldn’t you ____C the correct spelling of the word?
—Err. . . I hadn’t got a Chinese-English dictionary at hand.
A. look for B. look down C. look up D. look at (2010•广州•中考)
—Can you tell me the English meaning of the word?
—Why don’t you ____A in the dictionary?
A. look it up B. ring it up C. pick it up (2010.四川内江•中考)
— Do you know how to pronounce this word?
—Yes. I ____A in the dictionary yesterday.
A. looked it up B. worked it out
C. gave it away D. picked it up (2010•湖北襄樊•中考)
She often ____ C new words in the dictionary. It’s a good habit.
A. looks after B. looks down
C. looks up D. looks out (2009•陕西绥德•中考)
If you don’t know how to spell a new word,you'd better ___C_ .
A.look up a dictionary B. look up an dictionary.
C.look it up in a dictionary D. look up it in an dictionary.
(2009•辽宁锦州•中考)
—Dear, what time is the flight to Beijing on Saturday?
—Wait a minute. Let me ____D in the schedule (时刻表).
A. look at it B. look for it C. look after it D. look it up
(2009•山东德州•中考)
简简单单的两句话,就包含了这么丰富的词汇和语法信息,还能应付这些多道中考题!那么,如果孩子掌握了500句、1000句这样的日常用语,会是什么效果呢?我们还会为孩子的词汇量不够、语法不行、不会应试发愁吗?还会因为孩子和我们一样是“哑巴英语”而焦虑吗?
家长们回去可以在孩子身上做这样一个实验:让他反复听上面的Look it up in the dictionary,直到会说,然后再考孩子是take it off正确,还是take off it正确(注意:这个问题不能经常问,否则,孩子听多了take off it,就容易搞混)。孩子在会说look it up之后,根据语感,一定能回答出是take it off正确。这种习得语法的方法,绝对比老师枯燥地讲解语法规则,要学得轻松、自然、有效。
更为重要的是,这句话学会了就能经常使用,而语言只有“拳不离手,曲不离口”才能变为技能,才不容易忘记。
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